Construction Of Packed Distillation Column

ABSTRACT

This is an abstract on the construction of a packed distillation column. A packed distillation column is used in the separating process distillation that is the separation of two miscible liquids. 

It was constructed by marking out the dimension of the column, condenser, pot, using steel rule scriber, oxyacetylene flame was used for cutting after which the work piece were center punched and drilled using the drilling machine. At last they were folded, shaped, welded tested, finished and painted.

This construction was done with the following specifications, 650, 220, 188 for height, external and internal diameter of column respectively. 

For condenser, 650, 120, 114 for height, external and internal diameter respectively. For boiler pot, 450, 240, 236 for height, external and internal diameter respectively all in mm dimension. 

It was generally required that stainless steel be used totally for the construction as the standardized Material but due to tits cost, galvanized metal was used. Using the constructed packed distillation column, a fermented palm wine can be distilled to collect gin as the distillate. In comparing the standardized distillation column with the Oni constructed it was rated 80% due to cost of materials (galvanized of construction used. But the standard material of construction that was supposed to be used is stainless steel. 

At the end of the construction the cost was (N9, 000). Nine thousand Naira from the direct labour condenser etc. the cost is as a result of economy situation in Nigeria. 

TABLE OF CONTENT

Title page 

Letter of Transmittal 

Dedication 

Acknowledgement 

Abstract 

Table of content 

CHAPTER ONE 

1.0 Introduction 

1.1Historical development 

1.2Definition 

CHAPTER TWO 

2.0Literature review 

2.1Theory of distillation 

2.2Types of distillation 

2.2.1Binary distillation 

2.2.2Multi-component distillation 

2.2.3Differential distillation 

2.2.4Rectification distillation 

2.2.5Flash distillation

2.3.0Distillation column 

2.3.1Types of distillation column 

2.4.0Packing 

2.4.1Random packing 

2.4.2Regular packing 

2.4.3Tower shell 

2.4.4Packing support 

2.4.5Packing restrainer

2.4.6Entrainment eliminators 

2.5.0Countercurrent flow of liquid and gas through packing 

2.5.1Flooding and loading 

2.5.2Pressure drop for two phase flow

2.5.3Mass transfer coefficient for packed tower

2.5.4Liquid hold up 

2.6.0Material of construction 

2.7.0Properties of material construction 

2.7.1Physical property of material construction

2.7.2Chemical property of material construction 

2.7.3Mechanical property of material construction 

2.8Factors to be considered when selecting a material of construction 

2.8.1Definition of terms in the factors 

CHAPTER THREE 

3.0Methodology/Fabrication Procedure

3.1The column 

3.2The condenser 

3.3The packing 

3.4The boiler pot

3.5Steam travel pipe

3.6The stand 

CHAPTER FOUR 

4.0Discussion 

CHAPTER FIVE 

5.0Conclusion 

5.1Recommendation 

References 

Appendix I

Appendix II