Comparison Of The Efficacy Of Chemical And Ultraviolet Radiation Methods In Table Water Treatment And Purification

It is quite interesting to know that ultraviolet radiation has  become indispensable in table water treatment though more effective with residual treatment. 

This work was carried out to compare the efficacy of chemical and ultraviolet radiation methods in table water treatment and purification.

The study was a prospective one.Thereseacher studied three water factories who use different methods of treatment with ultraviolet radiation in table water production.  The research covered a period of two months.  The first months was the survey period while the second month, the research was actually carried out.

Factory One: (Study population one) combine chloramine and UV radiation.

Factory two: (Study population two) combine activated charcoal and UV radiation.

Factory Three:  (Study population three) use UV radiation exclusively.

From each population, sample of untreated water was cultured and used as a control and comparison was done based on individual factory.  This was called sample A (untreated water)

From each  population, the chemically treated water from each treatment tank was cultured separately (sample B) and then with radiation ( sample c).

The third factory (Population three) use radiation exclusively, therefore to carry out the comparison, 5 litrejerrycan of the untreated water was treated with chlorine in the concentration of 0.3mg/litre of water (EPA) approved dose giving 1.5mg/litre.Both underwent culture separately and comparison was madeTherefore on the whole we had

Sample population One

Sample A (untreated water)

Sample B (Chemically treated water)

Sample C (Chemical with Radiation i.e radiation with residual treatment).

Sample population Two

Sample A (Untreated water)

Sample B (Chemically treated water)

Sample C (Chemical with radiation ie radiation with residual treatment)

Sample Population Three

Sample A (Untreated water)

Sample B (Chemically treated water)

Sample C (Radiation treated only)

The collected data was categorized according to the colonies of micro organisms observed for 0.02ml/vol of water on an agar culture plate.  Using a medium called cysteins lactose electrolyte deficient agar  This was converted to 1ml/vol of water.

At the end of the one month.  The following overall result was collected

Table one: Distribution of untreated water, chemically treated water, radiation with residual treatment water and  exclusive radiation treated water

The result of this study showed that;

 Radiation with residual treatment is the best in table water treatment as far as microbial content is concerned as it can remain safe as long as one month, under sealed bottle or satchet.

 The work also suggest that if exclusive radiation is to be used in table water treatment, the water should not remain in the shop more than two weeks incase there was failure of filter  which could allow the habour of micro organisms in particles that may escape into the treated water, as UV cannot radiate microorganisms not directly exposed to it.  The escaped microorganisms if remain in the water will feed on the debris of the dead ones and multiply causing immediate or long term disease in man.

 Use of chemical alone in table water treatment should be discouraged especially chlorine products which are hazardous to human health.  If chemical is used along with UV, the concentration will be less.  It will only be a support to the UV. 

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

CHAPTER TWO

CHAPTER THREE

CHAPTER FOUR

DATA ANALYSIS AND PRESENTATION

CHAPTER FIVE

References

Appendixes