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Migration And Rural Productivity In Ekiti, A Case Study Of Ise/orun Local Government Area

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ABSTRACT
Migration in general has its benefits and adverse effect in rural society, the primary aim of this study was to examine migration and rural productivity in Ekiti State, a case study of Ise/Orun Local Government Area. The study further on reviewing comprehensive and comparative literature, which presented thematically, the study was supported by Push-Pull theory of migration and Dependency theory of development. For the purpose of this study, Survey design was adopted and missed method was employed which composed quantitative and qualitative methods, while Self-administered Questionnaire and scheduled structured interview were used to elicit the needed information. Cluster, Simple Random Sampling Without Replacement (SRSWOR) and Accidental were employed as a sampling techniques to gathered information from 177 respondents,while purposive and snowballing were adopted to select the 20 discussants under the scheduled structured interview. Thus, the gathered information from the participants was processed and analyzed through (SPSS), reports and content analysis. Normal frequency distribution was used for the entire variables, while Chi-Square and Linear regression were adopted to test the hypotheses under investigation. Findings revealed that rural productivity was burdened by migration,since most of the migrants are the able-bodied youths and prime working age. The major reasons for migration are employment opportunity, educational pursuit, while the migration is directed to urban cities.   The implication of migration to the migrants and rural society revealed that migration had led to rural poverty, brain drain, productivity in the hands of aged, low productivity, loss of life and property at the course of migration and the issues of remittances positively. Based on the results of this study recommendation were made.


TABLE OF CONTENT
CONTENT PAGES
TITLE PAGE i
CERTIFICATION ii
DEDICATION iii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT iv


CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY 1-4
1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM 5-7
1.3 RESEARCH QUESTIONS 7-8
1.4 THE AIM OF THE STUDY 8
1.5 RESEARCH HYPOTHESES 9
1.6 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY 9-10
1.7 SCOPE OF THE STUDY 11


CHAPTER TWO: LITRATUREREVIEW AND THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK
2.1 INTRODUCTION 12-13
2.2 MIGRATION 13-19
2.3 IMPACT OF MIGRATION IN RURAL SOCIETY AND HOST CITIES 19-23
2.4 RURAL SOCIETY IN DETAI l 23-25
2.5 RURAL DEVELOPMENT 25-26
2.6 CHALLENGES IN RURAL DEVELOPMENT 26-28
2.7 RURAL PRODUCTIVITY 29-31
2.8 MILITATING AGAINST RURAL PRODUCTIVITY 31-34
2.9 CONCEPTUAL FRAME WORK 35
2.10 THEORETICAL FRAME WORK 36
2.10.1 PUSH-PULL THEORY 36-38
2.10.2 DEPENDENCY THEORY 38-40
2.10.3 APPLICATION OF THE THEORIES 40-43


CHAPTER THREE: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
3.1 INTRODUCTION 44
3.2 RESEARCH DESIGN 45
3.3 THE STUDY AREA 45-46
3.4 THE STUDY POPULATION 46
3.5 SAMPLE AND SAMPLING TECHNIQUES 47-48
3.6 RESEARCH INSTRUMENT 49-50
3.7 PILOT TEST OF RESEARCH INSTRUMENT 50
3.8 METHOD OF DATA ANALYSIS 50-51
3.9 DATA MANAGEMENT 51
3.10 LIMITATION OF THE STUDY 52


CHAPTER FOUR: DATA ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF FINDINGS
4.1 INTRODUCTION 53
4.2 RESPONDENTS’ DEMOGRAPHIC AND SOCIO-ECONOMICS CHARACTERISTICS 55
4.2.1 Respondents’ Gender 55-56
4.2.2 Respondents’ Age 56-57
4.2.3 Respondents’ Religion and Beliefs 57
4.2.4 Marital Status of the Respondents’ 57-58
4.2.6 Respondents’ Level of Education 59-60
4.2.7 Household Population of the Respondents’ 60
4.2.8 Respondents Relationship with the household 60-61
4.2.9 Respondents’ Type of Accommodation 61
4.3 MIGRATION EXPERIENCE AND ITS CHARACTERISTICS 63
4.3.1 Respondents and Out-Migration 63
4.3.2 Child Migration 63-64
4.3.3 Relatives Migration 64
4.3.4 The Direction of Migration 65-66
4.4 IMPLICATION OF MIGRATION 67
4.4.1 Economic Impact of Migration on Migrants and Rural Society 68-70
4.4.2 Socio-Cultural Impact of Migration 70-72
4.4.3 Working Condition of the Migrants in their Host Cities 72-73
4.4.4 Challenges Encountered In The Process of Migration 73-74
4.4.5 RURAL PRODUCTIVITY AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT 74
4.5.1 Types of Rural Productivity 77-78
4.5.2 Types of Cultivated Crop and Farming in Ise/Orun LGA 78-79
4.5.3 Land Possession of Respondents’ 79
4.5.4 Income on Rural Productivity Output Per Year 79-80
4.5.5 Management of Respondent’s Productivity 80
4.5.6 Major constraint on Agricultural Productivity 80-82
4.5.7 The ease Access of the Respondents to Social Infrastructure
and Expected Change in Agriculture 82-83
4.5.8 Variation in Farmers’ Capability Between Decade And Now 83
4.5.9 Farming as a Career in Rural Society 84
4.5.10 MISCELLANEOUS, OTHER RESEARCH AREAS AND SOCIAL PROBLEMS IN ISE/ORUN LGA 85-87
4.6 TEST OF HYPOTHESES 88
4.6.1 Hypothesis 1 89-92
4.6.2 Hypothesis 2 92-93
4.6.3 Hypothesis 3 93-94
4.6.4 Hypothesis 4 95-96


CHAPTER FIVE SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
5.1 INTRODUCTION 97
5.2 SUMMARY 97-103
5.3 CONCLUSION 103-105
4.4 RECOMMENDATIONS 105-108
4.5 REFERENCES 109-112
APPENDIXES 113-118
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(2016, 08). Migration And Rural Productivity In Ekiti, A Case Study Of Ise/orun Local Government Area.. ProjectStoc.com. Retrieved 08, 2016, from https://projectstoc.com/read/7966/migration-and-rural-productivity-in-ekiti-acase-study-of-ise-orun-local-government-area-7269
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