Unemployment Problems Amongst Graduates Of Higher Institutions (a Case Study Of Enugu Metropolis)

In this research, it is assumed that unemployment is a factor inherent in the nation’s economic system, first because intentionally or unintentionally the policy-makers do not deliberately resort to measures capable of reducing unemployment to acceptable level. This research is concerned with wages and means of identifying the causes and measures of curbing the problem created by unemployment. To do this, this research will specifically investigate the incidence if unemployment among graduates of institution of higher learning in Enugu State and to determine what factors are responsible for or that affect unemployment. The researcher distributed (200) two hundred questionnaires to the respondent and collected (170) one hundred and seventy. Data were collected from unemployed graduates the data extracted from the questionnaire from the validation of research hypothesis were subjected to chi-square test statistics. And at the end of the research work, some possible recommendation where made like, establishment of more industries should be provided in order to absorb our unemployed graduates and conclusion were made in order to tackle the problems of unemployment amongst the graduates of higher institution in Enugu State.

Cover page ------------------------------------------------------------------------i

Title page---------------------------------------------------------------------------ii

Certification -----------------------------------------------------------------------iii

Dedication -------------------------------------------------------------------------iv

Abstract -----------------------------------------------------------------------------v

Tables of content -----------------------------------------------------------------vi

CHAPTER ONE  INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background of the study ------------------------------------------------1

1.2 Statement of the study --------------------------------------------------3

1.3 Objectives/purpose of the study --------------------------------------5

1.4 Research questions/hypothesis ----------------------------------------6

1.5 Significance of the study -------------------------------------------------8

1.6 Limitation of the study ----------------------------------------------------8

1.7 Scope of the study ---------------------------------------------------------9

CHAPTER TWO 

LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1 Theoretical Frame Work for the Study --------------------------------11

2.2 Historical Background -----------------------------------------------------13

2.3 Current Literature ----------------------------------------------------------14

CHAPTER THREE  

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODOLOGY

3.1 Research design -------------------------------------------------------------23

3.2 Sources of data --------------------------------------------------------------24

3.2.1 Primary sources of data ---------------------------------------------------25

3.2.2 Secondary sources ----------------------------------------------------------26

3.3 The population of the study ----------------------------------------------27

3.4 Sample design and determination of sample size -------------------28

3.5 Methods of data collection ------------------------------------------------29

3.5.1 Questionnaire design, distribution and collection of responses --30

3.5.2 Secondary methods data collection -------------------------------------31

3.6 Methods of data presentation and analysis ---------------------------32

CHAPTER FOUR 

DATA PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS

4.1 Data presentation -------------------------------------------------------------33

4.1.2 Presentation according to key research question ---------------------34

4.1.3 Analysis based on research hypothesis ----------------------------------35

CHAPTER FIVE  

SUMMARY AND FINDING, RECOMMENDATION

5.1 Summary of findings ----------------------------------------------------------44

5.2 Recommendations ------------------------------------------------------------45

5.3 Conclusion -----------------------------------------------------------------------46

Bibliography -----------------------------------------------------------------------------47

Appendices ------------------------------------------------------------------------------52

This chapter provides a broad overview of the employment situation in graduate s which is a major concern of government and their social partner throughout the region. The approach is rather general and highlights major issues concerning employment problems and prospects in the region. Because of data limitation, it does not attempt a comprehensive and quantitative analysis of the employment situation. it brings with an examination of the employment problems, including background information on its origin and trends, and then looks at the nature and underlying causes of contemporary unemployment. Unemployment of a large portion of the labour force is a central problem now in almost all the underdeveloped countries.

The phenomenon of chronic unemployment has become the major concern of successive Nigerian government. The phenomenon of joblessness creates much concern for the individual Nigerians. According to the 1966 - 67 manpower surveys in Nigeria, the proportion of the labour force in Nigeria not working is 1 - 7 percent, which means that nearly two of every one hundred member of the potential labour are unemployed.

Unemployment has thus reached such an alarming situation today that is perhaps considered the most serious of the problem affecting Nigeria and one that is steadily worsening as the gap between the rapid rising member pressing for work and the new employment opportunities being created widens.

In the underdeveloped countries such as Nigeria however employment benefits are not available to the unemployed. the income level of the great majority of families makes the provision of unemployment benefits virtually impossible thus those unable to find jobs or these discharged from their previous employments re left to fend for themselves. in under developed countries majority of job seekers are therefore forced to create employment for themselves particularly in the rural agricultural sectors where they force disguised unemployment. in the context of this study both those who are disguised unemployment. in the context of this study both those who are disguisedly unemployed and those who are openly unemployed are lumped together as the unemployed.

Thus unemployment is define briefly as the negative aspect of the economic process for an unemployed person is one who despite his willingness and capacity to work is unable to do so for reasons inherent in the organization of the commodity production.