Cortisol is a steroid hormone that regulates a wide range of vital processes throughout the body, Including metabolism and immune response. It also has the important role of helping the body respond to stress. It is produced in the adrenal gland by the zona fasiculata of the adrenal cortex. It is release with a diurnal cycle and in response to stress and low blood glucose concentration. Almost every cell contains receptors for cortisol and so cortisol has different actions depending on which cells it is acting on. These effects include regulating the body's blood glucose levels, metabolism and influencing memory formation.
INTRODUCTION
At least 95 percent of the glucocorticoid activity of the adrenocortical secretions results from the secretion of cortisol. Cortisol is a steroid hormone that regulates a wide range of vital processes throughout the body, including metabolism and the immune response.
It also has a very important role in helping the body respond to stress. It is produced in many animals, mainly by the zona fasciculata of the adrenal cortex in the adrenal gland.
It is produced in other tissues in lower quantities. It is released with a diurnal cycle and its release is increased in response to stress and low blood-glucose concentration.
Almost every cell contains receptors for cortisol and so cortisol has different actions depending on which sort of cells it is acting upon. These effects include controlling the body’s blood sugar levels and thus regulating metabolism, regulating immune response, acting as an anti-inflammatory, influencing memory formation, controlling salt and water balance, influencing blood pressure and helping development of the foetus.
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