ABSTRACT
Aim: To determine the causes of infertility in child bearing women in delta state and possible treatments
Background
Infertility is a major medical condition that affects many married couples in Delta State and as such associated with several social meanings. This study therefore explored community's perception of childbearing and childlessness in Delta State.
Methods
The study was exploratory and qualitative using in-depth and key informant interviews and focus group discussions. Fifteen marriage unions with infertility (childless), forty-five couples with children, and eight key informants were purposively sampled and interviewed using a semi-structured interview guides in Warri, Delta State. Three focus group discussions were also carried out, one for childless women, one for women with children and one with men with children. The data collected were transcribed, coded, arranged, and analyzed for categories and themes and finally triangulated.
Results
The study revealed that infertility was caused by both social and biological factors. Socially couples could become infertile through supernatural causes such as bewitchment, and disobediences of social norms. Abortion, masturbation, medical, ovulatory, pelvic, age related, behavioural, pelvic inflammatory disease, psychological and use of contraceptives were also identified as causes of infertility. Most childless couples seek treatment from spiritualist, traditional healers and hospitals. These sources of treatment are used simultaneously.
Conclusion
Childbearing is highly valued in the Delta State and Childlessness is highly engendered, and stigmatized in this community with manifold social consequences. In such a community therefore, the concept of reproductive choice must encompass policies that make it possible for couples to aspire to have the number of children they wish.
Keywords: Infertility, childlessness, women, data analysis, treatment, psychological
TABLE OF CONTENTS
ABSTRACT
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
CHAPTER TWO
LITERATURE REVIEW
2.0 FEMALE INFERTILITY ITS EFFECT ON CHILD BEARING WOMEN IN DELTA STATE
2.1 PREVALENCE OF INFERTILITY IN CHILD BEARING WOMEN IN DELTA STATE
2.2 FACTORS RESPONSIBLE FOR INFERTILITY AMONG CHILD-BEARING WOMEN IN DELTA STATE
2.3 OTHER RISK FACTORS AND CAUSES OF INFERTILITY IN CHILD BEARING WOMEN
2.4 MEDICAL HISTORY AND PHYSICAL EXAMINATION OF INFERTILE COUPLES IN DELTA STATE
2.5 DIAGNOSTIC AND IMAGING TESTS FOR INFERTILITY IN CHILD BEARING WOMEN
CHAPTER THREE
MATERIALS AND METHODS
3.1 ETHICS STATEMENT
3.2 STUDY AREA
3.3 DATA COLLECTION
3.4 SELECTION OF STUDY PARTICIPANTS
3.5 FOCUS GROUP DISCUSSION
3.6 KEY INFORMANT INTERVIEWS (KII)
3.7 DATA ANALYSIS
CHAPTER FOUR
RESULTS
4.1 REASONS FOR PREFERENCE FOR CHILDREN IN DELTA STATE
4.2 KNOWLEDGE ON THE CAUSES OF INFERTILITY IN DELTA STATE
4.3 INFERTILITY AND SEX PREFERENCE IN DELTA SATE
4.4 HELP-SEEKING BEHAVIOUR OF INFERTILE COUPLES
4.5 PREVENTION OF INFERTILITY
CHAPTER FIVE
RECOMMENDATION MODALITIES OF INFERTILITY IN CHILD BEARING WOMEN IN DELTA STATE
CHAPTER SIX
DISCUSSION
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
CITATION:
Bamikale J. Feyisetan and Akinrinola Bankole (2013) Understanding the Social Meaning of Infertility and Childbearing: A Qualitative Study of the Perception of Childbearing and Childlessness in Nigeria. PLOS ONE 8(1): e54429. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0054429.