Blue Brain

Today scientists are in research to create an artificial brain that can think, response, take decision, and keep anything in memory. Human brain is the most valuable creation of God. The man is intelligent because of the brain. “Blue brain” is the name of the world’s first virtual brain. That means a machine can function as human brain. The main aim is to upload human brain into machine. So that man can think, take decision without any effort. After the death of the body, the virtual brain will act as the man .So, even after the death of a person we will not lose the knowledge, intelligence, personalities, feelings and memories of that man that can be used for the development of the human society.

The Blue Brain System is an attempt to reverse engineer the human brain and recreate it at the cellular level inside a computer simulation. The project was founded in May 2005 by Henry Markram at the EPFL in Lausanne, Switzerland.

Goals of the project are to gain a complete understanding of the brain and to enable better and faster development of brain disease treatments. The research involves studying slices of living brain tissue using microscopes and patch clamp electrodes. Data is collected about all the many different neuron types. This data is used to build biologically realistic models of neurons and networks of neurons in the cerebral cortex. The simulations are carried out on a Blue Gene supercomputer built by IBM, hence the name "Blue Brain". The simulation software is based on Michael Hines's NEURON, together with other custom-built components.

As of August 2012 the largest simulations are of micro circuits containing around 100 cortical columns such simulations involve approximately 1 million neurons and 1 billion synapses. This is about the same scale as that of a honey bee brain. It is hoped that a rat brain neocortical simulation (~21 million neurons) will be achieved by the end of 2014. A full human brain simulation (86 billion neurons) should be possible by 2023 provided sufficient funding is received.

KEYWORDS: Blue Brain, Blue Brain Project (BBP), Human Brain Project (HBP), Nanobots, Neuron, Neurorobotics, hexamer, cDNAs, electromorphology, gCode etc.

TITLE PAGE

ABSTRACT

TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION

NEED OF VIRTUAL BRAIN

FUNCTIONING OF HUMAN BRAIN

BRAIN SIMULATION

COMPARISON BETWEEN NATURAL AND SIMULATED BRAIN

APPLICATIONS OF BLUE BRAIN

CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW

FEATURES OF THE BLUE BRAIN

• NEURON

• WORKFLOW OF NEURON

• BBP-SDK

• RTNEURON

COMPUTER HARDWARE/ SUPER COMPUTERS

• BLUE GENE/P

BLUE GENE/P TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS

• JuQUEEN

DEEP - DYNAMICAL EXASCALE ENTRY PLATFORM

UPLOADING HUMAN BRAIN

MERITS AND DEMERITS OF THE BLUE BRAIN

CHAPTER THREE: DISCUSSIONS

EVALUATION OF THE BLUE BRAIN PROJECT (BBP)

KEY SCIENTIFIC QUESTIONS FOR THE BBP IN THE FUTURE

CONCERNS AND CHALLENGES

BROADER IMPACT AND HUMAN RELEVANCE

COMMUNITY IMPACT

CHAPTER FOUR: PROSPECTS OF THE BLUE BRAIN

SOCIETY AND ETHICS

LEVERAGING THE STRENGTHS AND DIVERSITY OF EUROPEAN RESEARCH

THE PHASES

COST

GOVERNANCE AND MANAGEMENT

IMPACT

CHAPTER FIVE: SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION

CONCLUSION

REFERENCES